Section–D
Language Proficiency (English)
Language Proficiency (English)
Directions—(Q. 151–160) Read each sentence to find out if there is any error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The letter of that part is the answer. If there is no error the answer is (E). (Ignore errors in punctuation, if any).
151. In spite of the extreme cold (A)/ she insisted on (B)/taking a trip to Shimla (C)/ where is her birthplace. (D) No error (E)
152. The government decision (A)/ will benefit all (B)/ the software companies registered (C)/ under the scheme. (D) No error (E)
153. The trustee has agreed (A)/ not only to fund the construction (B)/ of the auditorium (C)/ but also the new research centre. (D) No error (E)
154. Keeping in mind the rivalry (A)/ between Vinod and Sachin (B)/ the manager has assigned him (C)/ to different teams. (D) No error (E)
155. In recent times companies have found (A)/ the internet to be ideal place (B)/ to hire personnel (C)/ and form business partnerships. (D) No error (E)
156. These rules were created (A)/ to protect the interests of the student (B)/ who live away from home (C)/ and have no local guardian. (D) No error (E)
157. Concerned over (A)/ the loss of revenue (B)/ the Government plan (C)/ to review the policy immediately. (D) No error (E)
158. Having heard all the evidence (A)/ the Chairman should now (B)/ be able to arrive (C)/ to a fair decision. (D) No error (E)
159. There are very fewer hotels (A)/ providing facilities for (B)/ guests who want to bring their pets (C)/ alongwith them. (D) No error (E)
160. The report states that (A)/ in several parts of the country (B)/ there has not been (C)/ adequately rain this year. (D) No error (E)
Directions—(Q. 161–175) Which of the phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below each sentence should replace the phrase printed in bold type to make the sentence grammatically correct ? If the sentence is correct as it is mark (E) i.e. ‘No Correction Required’ as the answer.
161. The meeting is attempted to mend the strained relations between the management and the employees.
(A) was attempted for mending
(B) is an attempt to mend
(C) is attempted at mending of
(D) will be attempted by mending
(E) No Correction Required
162. He arrived at the hotel, which a reception was held in his honour.
(A) in which a reception is
(B) while a reception being
(C) where a reception was
(D) since a reception going on
(E) No Correction Required
163. Since his college days he has been standing up with the rights of the weak and the oppressed.
(A) stood up along with
(B) standing in for
(C) for standing beside
(D) standing up for
(E) No Correction Required
164. Unless a man with plenty of money can afford a house in this locality.
(A) Until a man has
(B) When a man possesses
(C) Except a man of
(D) Only a man with
(E) No Correction Required
165. They lost the vote because they could not express clearly.
(A) express themselves clearly
(B) express each other clearly
(C) clearly express
(D) be clearly expressed
(E) No Correction Required
166. Ramesh must be punished for acting in opposite to my wishes.
(A) opposing to
(B) in opposite with
(C) opposite against
(D) in opposition to
(E) No Correction Required
167. India is a diverse and breathtaking country with many places worthwhile to see.
(A) worth sight
(B) worth seeing
(C) worthwhile scene
(D) worthy seeing
(E) No Correction Required
168. The sales conference cannot be began till the festive season is over.
(A) cannot have beginning
(B) unable to begin
(C) cannot begin
(D) has no beginning
(E) No Correction Required
169. It was surprising to note that she enjoyed the game of cricket same as her brother did.
(A) as much as
(B) with the same liking as
(C) alike
(D) same like
(E) No Correction Required
170. They are very much enterprising of all the other students I have taught.
(A) so much enterprising like
(B) more enterprising than
(C) very much enterprising than
(D) much enterprising of
(E) No Correction Required
171. Taken everything into consideration, we feel that the principal was justified in suspending
the student.
(A) Taking all things into considering
(B) To take everything with consideration
(C) Taking everything into consideration
(D) While taking everything for consideration
(E) No Correction Required
172. He succeeded in getting the promotion as he performed well than the other candidates in the written test.
(A) performed best of
(B) performed better
(C) performance was better
(D) performing very well
(E) No Correction Required
173. The inquiry found that both the secretary and the treasurer had been negligent in their duties.
(A) neglecting his duty
(B) neglected by their duties
(C) neglecting in their duty
(D) negligence for their duties
(E) No Correction Required
174. I with my family have resided in a small village near the sea for the past two decades.
(A) My family along with I has
(B) My family and me have
(C) My family and I have
(D) I together with my family has
(E) No Correction Required
175. The channel has brought the rights to the cricket series for a huge sum of money.
(A) paid the rights for
(B) bought the rights for
(C) been paid the rites to
(D) bought off the rights
(E) No Correction Required
Directions—(Q. 176–185) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you to locate them while answering some of the questions.
Aviation is an essential link for travel, trade and connectivity. While full service carriers attract passengers with the overall quality of their services, low cost airlines compete on cost. They offer bare-bone services, fly more sectors a day and operate from smaller secondary airports that have lower charges. These may be very far from the city centres costing passengers more time and money to get into town. Some services like London’s Luton are aimed at eliminating the problems of connecting flights. They tend to avoid head-on competition with each other and prey on full services airlines. Staff are usually less well paid, more intensively used and in shorter supply as compared to full service airlines. There are numerous exceptions though in other countries. Easy Jet operates from major airports and Jet Blue offers live programmes for free.
In India 70% of the operating costs of low cost airlines are the same as that of full service carriers, leaving just 30% to juggle with to gain an overall advantage over full service carriers. Many of these costs like fuel are above global levels. Exorbitant State and Central government taxes and duties are the main culprits. Air Deccan envisions that their airline fares will match rail fares—unattainable because of the economies of scale that the railways enjoy. Few secondary airports and fares falling faster than their costs have hurt low cost airlines more than others, as they have to achieve higher fleet utilization. Allowing low cost airlines to utilize non-metro airports at lower charges during off-peak hours while providing full service airlines peak hour slots but at higher rates could help.
Low cost airlines can aid economic development and the current economic boom has been the right time to launch India’s low cost revolution though in their efforts to achieve economies of scale and greater market share they have been reckless and have gone deep into the red. India has to await second-generation low cost airlines to deliver the goods.
176. The primary purpose of low cost airlines is to—
(A) provide connectivity at low rates
(B) enhance economic development
(C) do away with the inconvenience of connecting flights
(D) reduce congestion at crowded city airports
(E) reduce the passenger pressure on the railways
177. The author’s view of Indian low cost airlines is that—
(A) they are based on global models allowing them to compete with railways
(B) they benefit from certain exemptions on tax and duties
(C) with only 70% of the operating cost being the same as full service airlines they have a major advantage
(D) they are loss-making enterprises as their efforts to expand have been hasty
(E) None of these
178. Which of the following is/are TRUE in the context of the passage ?
1. Indian low cost carriers though launched at the right time have been mismanaged.
2. Jet Blue is one of the premier full service air carriers in the world.
3. Business for low cost carriers is good enough to allow them to compete with railways.
(A) Only 1
(B) Both 1 and 3
(C) Only 2
(D) Both 2 and 3
(E) None of these
179. Which of the following measures can boost the low cost carrier business ?
(A) Increasing rail fares to allow low cost carriers a chance to compete
(B) Government should own a stake in low cost airlines
(C) Preference for low cost carriers during peak hours at major airports
(D) Developing adequate secondary airports
(E) Equivalent charges for full services and low cost airlines at metro airports
180. The growth of low cost airlines in India has been hampered by—
1. inadequate airport infrastructure.
2. attracting and retaining staff in spite of higher pay packages.
3. costs of providing additional quality services.
(A) Only 3
(B) Both 1 and 2
(C) Only 1
(D) Both 2 and 3
(E) All 1, 2 and 3
181. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the context of the passage ?
(A) The low cost airline industry has very recently come to India
(B) Full service airlines operate from secondary airports to meet the costs of free services
(C) Indian low cost airlines have not been able to make even a marginal profit
(D) Staff of low cost airlines has longer working hours as compared to full service airline
(E) None of these
182. A benefit of low cost airlines is—
(A) they operate away from crowded cities
(B) their fares are more reasonable than rail fares
(C) decrease in fares despite a rise in costs
(D) efficient bare minimum services at affordable rates
(E) utilizing secondary airports despite their higher charges
183. Why are low cost airline India currently experiencing difficulties ?
(A) Over ambitious plans for expansion
(B) Recession in global airline industry
(C) Monopoly of govt. owned full service airlines
(D) Lack of favourable economic conditions
(E) None of these
184. Choose the word/phrase which is most nearly the same in meaning as the word intensively used in the passage.
(A) Severely
(B) Excessively
(C) Powerfully
(D) Strongly
(E) Harshly
185. Choose the word/phrase which is the most opposite in meaning to the word Aid as used in the passage.
(A) Ignore
(B) Disregard
(C) Protect
(D) Obstruct
(E) Conceal
Directions—(Q. 186–190) Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blank to make the sentence meaningfully complete.
186. You must ensure the correctness of the information before ……… to conclusion.
(A) drawing
(B) enabling
(C) leaning
(D) jumping
(E) examining
187. The rocket ……… the target and did not cause any casualty.
(A) sensed
(B) reached
(C) missed
(D) exploded
(E) aimed
188. It is desirable to take ……… in any business if you want to make profit.
(A) advice
(B) risk
(C) loan
(D) recourse
(E) perseverance
189. They wasted all the money on purchase of some ……… items.
(A) excellent
(B) important
(C) significant
(D) quality
(E) trivial
190. When he found the wallet his face glowed but soon it faded as the wallet was ………
(A) Empty
(B) Vacant
(C) Recovered
(D) Stolen
(E) Expensive
Directions—(Q. 191–200) In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.
Jamshedji Tata is (…191…) to be the path-finder of modern industrial builders. He is known as the grandfather of the Indian industry for his acumen and enthusiasm. Nobody else could have (…192…) of the new industries started by Jamshedji at that time when industrial (…193…) and revolution was yet to come to India.
Jamshedji’s father Nasarvanji Tata used to trade in jute with China and Britain. He started (…194…) from India. Jamshedji started a cloth mill in Nagpur more than hundred years ago. At that time almost all the (…195…) used to come from Lancashire in England. What Jamshedji (…196…) was praiseworthy.
Jamshedji (…197…) very well that an industrial revolution can only be brought in the country by setting up iron and steel industry. (…198…) he did not live to see the industry he had in mind, he had done all (…199…) work. In fact, he laid the ground work for it. He had planned the entire steel city now known as Jamshedpur, complete with streets, roads, schools, parks, play grounds, temples, mosques, churches, etc. His (…200…) was fulfilled by his sons, Sir Dorabji Tata and Sir Rattan Tata, when they started the Tata Iron and Steel Factory in 1907 just after three years of his death.
191. (A) rewarded
(B) agreed
(C) empowered
(D) determined
(E) considered
192. (A) absolved
(B) thought
(C) ventured
(D) set
(E) planned
193. (A) imports
(B) acts
(C) machinery
(D) awakening
(E) factories
194. (A) export
(B) industries
(C) import
(D) trade
(E) dispatch
195. (A) goods
(B) imports
(C) cloth
(D) machines
(E) industries
196. (A) did
(B) dreamt
(C) agreed
(D) told
(E) meant
197. (A) felt
(B) advocated
(C) planned
(D) thought
(E) knew
198. (A) because
(B) although
(C) surprisingly
(D) luckily
(E) even
199. (A) insignificant
(B) complete
(C) trivial
(D) preliminary
(E) external
200. (A) need
(B) task
(C) dream
(D) industry
(E) sentiment
Answers :
161. (B) 162. (C) 163. (D) 164. (D) 165. (A) 166. (D) 167. (B) 168. (C) 169. (A) 170. (B)
171. (C) 172. (B) 173. (E) 174. (C) 175. (B) 176. (A) 177. (C) 178. (B) 179. (E) 180. (E)
181. (D) 182. (C) 183. (E) 184. (C) 185. (D) 186. (D) 187. (C) 188. (B) 189. (E) 190. (A)
191. (E) 192. (B) 193. (D) 194. (A) 195. (C) 196. (A) 197. (E) 198. (B) 199. (D) 200. (C)
151. In spite of the extreme cold (A)/ she insisted on (B)/taking a trip to Shimla (C)/ where is her birthplace. (D) No error (E)
152. The government decision (A)/ will benefit all (B)/ the software companies registered (C)/ under the scheme. (D) No error (E)
153. The trustee has agreed (A)/ not only to fund the construction (B)/ of the auditorium (C)/ but also the new research centre. (D) No error (E)
154. Keeping in mind the rivalry (A)/ between Vinod and Sachin (B)/ the manager has assigned him (C)/ to different teams. (D) No error (E)
155. In recent times companies have found (A)/ the internet to be ideal place (B)/ to hire personnel (C)/ and form business partnerships. (D) No error (E)
156. These rules were created (A)/ to protect the interests of the student (B)/ who live away from home (C)/ and have no local guardian. (D) No error (E)
157. Concerned over (A)/ the loss of revenue (B)/ the Government plan (C)/ to review the policy immediately. (D) No error (E)
158. Having heard all the evidence (A)/ the Chairman should now (B)/ be able to arrive (C)/ to a fair decision. (D) No error (E)
159. There are very fewer hotels (A)/ providing facilities for (B)/ guests who want to bring their pets (C)/ alongwith them. (D) No error (E)
160. The report states that (A)/ in several parts of the country (B)/ there has not been (C)/ adequately rain this year. (D) No error (E)
Directions—(Q. 161–175) Which of the phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below each sentence should replace the phrase printed in bold type to make the sentence grammatically correct ? If the sentence is correct as it is mark (E) i.e. ‘No Correction Required’ as the answer.
161. The meeting is attempted to mend the strained relations between the management and the employees.
(A) was attempted for mending
(B) is an attempt to mend
(C) is attempted at mending of
(D) will be attempted by mending
(E) No Correction Required
162. He arrived at the hotel, which a reception was held in his honour.
(A) in which a reception is
(B) while a reception being
(C) where a reception was
(D) since a reception going on
(E) No Correction Required
163. Since his college days he has been standing up with the rights of the weak and the oppressed.
(A) stood up along with
(B) standing in for
(C) for standing beside
(D) standing up for
(E) No Correction Required
164. Unless a man with plenty of money can afford a house in this locality.
(A) Until a man has
(B) When a man possesses
(C) Except a man of
(D) Only a man with
(E) No Correction Required
165. They lost the vote because they could not express clearly.
(A) express themselves clearly
(B) express each other clearly
(C) clearly express
(D) be clearly expressed
(E) No Correction Required
166. Ramesh must be punished for acting in opposite to my wishes.
(A) opposing to
(B) in opposite with
(C) opposite against
(D) in opposition to
(E) No Correction Required
167. India is a diverse and breathtaking country with many places worthwhile to see.
(A) worth sight
(B) worth seeing
(C) worthwhile scene
(D) worthy seeing
(E) No Correction Required
168. The sales conference cannot be began till the festive season is over.
(A) cannot have beginning
(B) unable to begin
(C) cannot begin
(D) has no beginning
(E) No Correction Required
169. It was surprising to note that she enjoyed the game of cricket same as her brother did.
(A) as much as
(B) with the same liking as
(C) alike
(D) same like
(E) No Correction Required
170. They are very much enterprising of all the other students I have taught.
(A) so much enterprising like
(B) more enterprising than
(C) very much enterprising than
(D) much enterprising of
(E) No Correction Required
171. Taken everything into consideration, we feel that the principal was justified in suspending
the student.
(A) Taking all things into considering
(B) To take everything with consideration
(C) Taking everything into consideration
(D) While taking everything for consideration
(E) No Correction Required
172. He succeeded in getting the promotion as he performed well than the other candidates in the written test.
(A) performed best of
(B) performed better
(C) performance was better
(D) performing very well
(E) No Correction Required
173. The inquiry found that both the secretary and the treasurer had been negligent in their duties.
(A) neglecting his duty
(B) neglected by their duties
(C) neglecting in their duty
(D) negligence for their duties
(E) No Correction Required
174. I with my family have resided in a small village near the sea for the past two decades.
(A) My family along with I has
(B) My family and me have
(C) My family and I have
(D) I together with my family has
(E) No Correction Required
175. The channel has brought the rights to the cricket series for a huge sum of money.
(A) paid the rights for
(B) bought the rights for
(C) been paid the rites to
(D) bought off the rights
(E) No Correction Required
Directions—(Q. 176–185) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you to locate them while answering some of the questions.
Aviation is an essential link for travel, trade and connectivity. While full service carriers attract passengers with the overall quality of their services, low cost airlines compete on cost. They offer bare-bone services, fly more sectors a day and operate from smaller secondary airports that have lower charges. These may be very far from the city centres costing passengers more time and money to get into town. Some services like London’s Luton are aimed at eliminating the problems of connecting flights. They tend to avoid head-on competition with each other and prey on full services airlines. Staff are usually less well paid, more intensively used and in shorter supply as compared to full service airlines. There are numerous exceptions though in other countries. Easy Jet operates from major airports and Jet Blue offers live programmes for free.
In India 70% of the operating costs of low cost airlines are the same as that of full service carriers, leaving just 30% to juggle with to gain an overall advantage over full service carriers. Many of these costs like fuel are above global levels. Exorbitant State and Central government taxes and duties are the main culprits. Air Deccan envisions that their airline fares will match rail fares—unattainable because of the economies of scale that the railways enjoy. Few secondary airports and fares falling faster than their costs have hurt low cost airlines more than others, as they have to achieve higher fleet utilization. Allowing low cost airlines to utilize non-metro airports at lower charges during off-peak hours while providing full service airlines peak hour slots but at higher rates could help.
Low cost airlines can aid economic development and the current economic boom has been the right time to launch India’s low cost revolution though in their efforts to achieve economies of scale and greater market share they have been reckless and have gone deep into the red. India has to await second-generation low cost airlines to deliver the goods.
176. The primary purpose of low cost airlines is to—
(A) provide connectivity at low rates
(B) enhance economic development
(C) do away with the inconvenience of connecting flights
(D) reduce congestion at crowded city airports
(E) reduce the passenger pressure on the railways
177. The author’s view of Indian low cost airlines is that—
(A) they are based on global models allowing them to compete with railways
(B) they benefit from certain exemptions on tax and duties
(C) with only 70% of the operating cost being the same as full service airlines they have a major advantage
(D) they are loss-making enterprises as their efforts to expand have been hasty
(E) None of these
178. Which of the following is/are TRUE in the context of the passage ?
1. Indian low cost carriers though launched at the right time have been mismanaged.
2. Jet Blue is one of the premier full service air carriers in the world.
3. Business for low cost carriers is good enough to allow them to compete with railways.
(A) Only 1
(B) Both 1 and 3
(C) Only 2
(D) Both 2 and 3
(E) None of these
179. Which of the following measures can boost the low cost carrier business ?
(A) Increasing rail fares to allow low cost carriers a chance to compete
(B) Government should own a stake in low cost airlines
(C) Preference for low cost carriers during peak hours at major airports
(D) Developing adequate secondary airports
(E) Equivalent charges for full services and low cost airlines at metro airports
180. The growth of low cost airlines in India has been hampered by—
1. inadequate airport infrastructure.
2. attracting and retaining staff in spite of higher pay packages.
3. costs of providing additional quality services.
(A) Only 3
(B) Both 1 and 2
(C) Only 1
(D) Both 2 and 3
(E) All 1, 2 and 3
181. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the context of the passage ?
(A) The low cost airline industry has very recently come to India
(B) Full service airlines operate from secondary airports to meet the costs of free services
(C) Indian low cost airlines have not been able to make even a marginal profit
(D) Staff of low cost airlines has longer working hours as compared to full service airline
(E) None of these
182. A benefit of low cost airlines is—
(A) they operate away from crowded cities
(B) their fares are more reasonable than rail fares
(C) decrease in fares despite a rise in costs
(D) efficient bare minimum services at affordable rates
(E) utilizing secondary airports despite their higher charges
183. Why are low cost airline India currently experiencing difficulties ?
(A) Over ambitious plans for expansion
(B) Recession in global airline industry
(C) Monopoly of govt. owned full service airlines
(D) Lack of favourable economic conditions
(E) None of these
184. Choose the word/phrase which is most nearly the same in meaning as the word intensively used in the passage.
(A) Severely
(B) Excessively
(C) Powerfully
(D) Strongly
(E) Harshly
185. Choose the word/phrase which is the most opposite in meaning to the word Aid as used in the passage.
(A) Ignore
(B) Disregard
(C) Protect
(D) Obstruct
(E) Conceal
Directions—(Q. 186–190) Pick out the most effective word from the given words to fill in the blank to make the sentence meaningfully complete.
186. You must ensure the correctness of the information before ……… to conclusion.
(A) drawing
(B) enabling
(C) leaning
(D) jumping
(E) examining
187. The rocket ……… the target and did not cause any casualty.
(A) sensed
(B) reached
(C) missed
(D) exploded
(E) aimed
188. It is desirable to take ……… in any business if you want to make profit.
(A) advice
(B) risk
(C) loan
(D) recourse
(E) perseverance
189. They wasted all the money on purchase of some ……… items.
(A) excellent
(B) important
(C) significant
(D) quality
(E) trivial
190. When he found the wallet his face glowed but soon it faded as the wallet was ………
(A) Empty
(B) Vacant
(C) Recovered
(D) Stolen
(E) Expensive
Directions—(Q. 191–200) In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.
Jamshedji Tata is (…191…) to be the path-finder of modern industrial builders. He is known as the grandfather of the Indian industry for his acumen and enthusiasm. Nobody else could have (…192…) of the new industries started by Jamshedji at that time when industrial (…193…) and revolution was yet to come to India.
Jamshedji’s father Nasarvanji Tata used to trade in jute with China and Britain. He started (…194…) from India. Jamshedji started a cloth mill in Nagpur more than hundred years ago. At that time almost all the (…195…) used to come from Lancashire in England. What Jamshedji (…196…) was praiseworthy.
Jamshedji (…197…) very well that an industrial revolution can only be brought in the country by setting up iron and steel industry. (…198…) he did not live to see the industry he had in mind, he had done all (…199…) work. In fact, he laid the ground work for it. He had planned the entire steel city now known as Jamshedpur, complete with streets, roads, schools, parks, play grounds, temples, mosques, churches, etc. His (…200…) was fulfilled by his sons, Sir Dorabji Tata and Sir Rattan Tata, when they started the Tata Iron and Steel Factory in 1907 just after three years of his death.
191. (A) rewarded
(B) agreed
(C) empowered
(D) determined
(E) considered
192. (A) absolved
(B) thought
(C) ventured
(D) set
(E) planned
193. (A) imports
(B) acts
(C) machinery
(D) awakening
(E) factories
194. (A) export
(B) industries
(C) import
(D) trade
(E) dispatch
195. (A) goods
(B) imports
(C) cloth
(D) machines
(E) industries
196. (A) did
(B) dreamt
(C) agreed
(D) told
(E) meant
197. (A) felt
(B) advocated
(C) planned
(D) thought
(E) knew
198. (A) because
(B) although
(C) surprisingly
(D) luckily
(E) even
199. (A) insignificant
(B) complete
(C) trivial
(D) preliminary
(E) external
200. (A) need
(B) task
(C) dream
(D) industry
(E) sentiment
Answers :
161. (B) 162. (C) 163. (D) 164. (D) 165. (A) 166. (D) 167. (B) 168. (C) 169. (A) 170. (B)
171. (C) 172. (B) 173. (E) 174. (C) 175. (B) 176. (A) 177. (C) 178. (B) 179. (E) 180. (E)
181. (D) 182. (C) 183. (E) 184. (C) 185. (D) 186. (D) 187. (C) 188. (B) 189. (E) 190. (A)
191. (E) 192. (B) 193. (D) 194. (A) 195. (C) 196. (A) 197. (E) 198. (B) 199. (D) 200. (C)
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